Alaska’s Unforgiving Highways: Why Cars Break Down and How Smart Drivers Stay Safe

Driving through Alaska’s vast wilderness can be an adventure of a lifetime, but the state’s unique combination of extreme weather, challenging terrain, and remote locations creates the perfect storm for vehicle breakdowns. Understanding the top reasons cars fail on Alaska’s highways—and knowing how to prevent them—can mean the difference between a memorable journey and a dangerous emergency situation.

The Top 5 Reasons Cars Break Down on Alaska Highways

1. Battery Failure in Extreme Cold

Car batteries aren’t designed to withstand subfreezing temperatures. In fact, at 32°F, batteries lose about 25-35% of their charge; at 0°F that loss is 50-60%. Any temperature lower than 0, and the battery might not have enough juice to start your vehicle. This is particularly problematic in Alaska, where temperatures can plummet well below zero for extended periods.

Prevention: Winter is hard on car batteries. Not only do they suffer through the abuse of powering defrosters and heaters, but also the fluids inside weakened batteries may freeze on the coldest days. Testing a battery’s ability to hold a charge and replacing it if needed can help keep you from becoming stranded in the cold due to a dead battery. Consider investing in a battery blanket or block heater for extreme conditions.

2. Tire Problems and Traction Issues

Alaska’s highways present unique tire challenges, from ice and snow to gravel sections during construction. Relatively few stretches of road fall into the “poor” category, i.e. chuckholes, gravel breaks, deteriorated shoulders, bumps and frost heaves. Damaged road is usually flagged with small orange flags or cones. However, even good roads become treacherous in winter conditions.

Prevention: Summer tires go on in May, winter tires go on late September, early October. Yes, you read that right – two sets of tires! Some vehicles can get away with one set of tires for both seasons, but most drivers in Alaska have two sets. Ensure your tires have adequate tread and consider studded tires for maximum traction in icy conditions.

3. Fuel System Problems

Running out of fuel or experiencing fuel system failures is more dangerous in Alaska due to the vast distances between service stations. Pay attention to your gas tank and drive on the top half of your tank. Motorists should also keep in mind that not all highway businesses are open year-round, nor are most services available 24 hours a day.

Prevention: Always keep your tank at least half full, carry fuel line deicer in winter, and plan your fuel stops in advance. As we mentioned, there are plenty of places to refuel, but in case your vehicle has a small fuel tank, you lose track of your fuel level, or the gas station you were banking on is unexpectedly closed, it might be a good idea to carry extra fuel.

4. Engine Overheating and Cooling System Failures

Another common reason cars break down is engine overheating, which could result from low coolant levels, faulty radiators, and thermostat malfunctions, among other factors. If left unchecked, these problems might escalate into severe damage necessitating expensive repairs. Therefore, keeping tabs on coolant levels and checking radiator hoses for leaks should be part of routine vehicle upkeep.

Prevention: The amount and ratio of coolant in your car’s radiator is one of the most important aspects of winterizing your car for an Alaska winter. Most mechanics in Alaska will aim for between a 60:40 and 50:50 mix of antifreeze to water. Regular cooling system maintenance is crucial for Alaska driving.

5. Electrical System and Component Failures

Old spark plugs can fail because of corrosion all year round, but it’s significantly more likely in the cold. Engines overall need more attention when temperatures dip, and without the proper maintenance and attention to these smaller details, your vehicle might not be able to start. Cold weather also affects windshield wipers, lights, and other electrical components.

Prevention: Make sure your vehicle is properly equipped for winter driving conditions and/or incase of an emergency. While you should keep your vehicle in top operating condition all year round, it is especially important to get it winterized. Read your owner’s manual and check the following: tire pressure, defroster & heater, battery & lights, motor oil, antifreeze, belts, hoses, filters, brakes, brake fluid, wiper blades and windshield washer fluid.

Essential Preparation for Alaska Highway Travel

More so than in summer, vehicle should be in reasonably good working order with no symptoms of a pending breakdown. Frigid temps tend to make existing mechanical problems worse. Before embarking on any Alaska highway journey, ensure your vehicle receives a thorough pre-trip inspection.

Prevent breakdowns before they start by taking your vehicle to your mechanic before the trip. Do any regular maintenance, and ask them to give the car a thorough going-over. This proactive approach can identify potential issues before they become roadside emergencies.

Emergency Preparedness: What to Pack

Alaska’s remote highways require comprehensive emergency preparation. Keep a winter kit in the back seat of the car: Flashlights with extra batteries, first aid kit with pocket knife, necessary medications , several blankets, sleeping bags, extra newspapers for insulation, plastic bags (for sanitation), matches, mittens, socks, wool cap, rain gear and extra clothes, small sack of sand for generating traction under wheels, small shovel, small tools (pliers, wrench, screwdriver), booster cables, set of tire chains or traction mats, cards, games, and puzzles, brightly colored cloth to use as a flag, dried fruit and nuts, and lots of hot liquid to drink (water for tea, hot chocolate).

When You Need Professional Help

Despite the best preparation, breakdowns can still occur on Alaska’s challenging highways. When they do, having access to reliable Emergency Roadside Service Eagle River, AK can be a lifesaver. Professional towing companies understand the unique challenges of Alaska’s roads and weather conditions.

Tonk-A-Towz, a veteran-owned and family-operated company serving the Matanuska-Susitna County area, exemplifies the kind of reliable service Alaska drivers need. After more than 20 years in the United States Military my family and I decided to branch out and make our mark in the towing industry. With the love and support of our community, friends, and family we believe that Tonk-A Towz will be able to help so many families that may run into a sticky stiuation and need a helping hand getting back on the road. We are a Veteran owned, family operated company that is here for all your uh-oh moments on and off the road.

With years of dedicated service under our belt, we’ve established ourselves as the go-to provider for reliable towing and roadside assistance services. Our team of experienced professionals is committed to delivering prompt, courteous, and efficient service, ensuring that you and your vehicle are in safe hands. At Tonk-A-Towz, we understand the importance of quick response times and expert care, making us your trusted partner on the road.

What to Do If You Break Down

If your vehicle does break down on an Alaska highway, Stay in the car. Do not leave the car to search for assistance unless help is visible within 100 yards. You may become disoriented and lost in blowing and drifting snow. Know, however, that cell phone coverage along much of Alaska’s highway system is spotty and you may not be able to reach someone on the cell. If you are within cell range and run into life-threatening trouble, use it.

Display distress signals and conserve your energy and warmth while waiting for help. Occasionally run engine to keep warm. Turn on the car’s engine for about 10 minutes each hour. Run the heater when the car is running.

Conclusion

Alaska’s highways demand respect and preparation. By understanding the common causes of vehicle breakdowns and taking proactive measures to prevent them, you can significantly reduce your risk of becoming stranded in one of America’s most remote regions. Remember that proper vehicle maintenance, emergency preparedness, and access to reliable roadside assistance services are your best defenses against the challenges of Alaska’s unforgiving highways. Whether you’re a resident or visitor, investing in prevention and preparation will help ensure your Alaska highway experience remains an adventure to remember for all the right reasons.